Energy use of AI inference, efficiency pathways, and test-time scaling
Felipe Oviedo, Fiodar Kazhamiaka, Esha Choukse, Allen Kim, Amy Luers, Melanie Nakagawa, Ricardo Bianchini, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
Joule | April 2026
Amy Luers
Head of Sustainability Science and Innovation
Publications
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Corporate Biodiversity Reporting Can Be Scaled with AI and Earth Observation—But Will Miss the Point Without Guidance from Conservation Scientists
Benjamin L. Miller, Seamus Lombardo, Amy Rosenthal, Tara O'Shea,, Amy Luers, Juan M. Lavista Ferres, Lisa Mandle, Taylor H. Ricketts, Stephen Polasky, Daniel G. Brown
Society for Conservation Biology - Conservation Letters | October 2025
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Maximizing Nature-based Solutions using Artificial Intelligence to align global biodiversity, climate, and water targets
October 2025
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Energy Use of AI Inference: Efficiency Pathways and Test-Time Compute
Felipe Oviedo, Fiodar Kazhamiaka, Esha Choukse, Allen Kim, Amy Luers, Melanie Nakagawa, Ricardo Bianchini, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
September 2025
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Net Zero needs AI – five actions to realize its promise
Nature | August 2025
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The Earth alignment principle for artificial intelligence
Owen Gaffney, Amy Luers, Franklin Carrero-Martinez, Berna Oztekin-Gunaydin, F. Creutzig, Virginia Dignum, Victor Galaz, N. Ishii, F. Larosa, Maria Leptin, Ken Takahashi Guevara
Nature Sustainability | March 2025, Vol 8: pp. 467-469
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Earth Alignment Principle for Artificial Intelligence
March 2025
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Will AI accelerate or delay the race to net-zero emissions?
Amy Luers, Jonathan Koomey, Eric Masanet, Owen Gaffney, Felix Creutzig, Juan M. Lavista Ferres, Eric Horvitz
Nature | April 2024
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Accounting for the climate benefit of temporary carbon storage in nature
Nature Communications | September 2023
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A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action
Nature Ecology and Evolution | August 2023
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Digitalization and the Anthropocene
Felix Creutzig, Daron Acemoglu, Xuemei Bai, Paul N. Edwards, Marie Josefine Hintz, Lynn H. Kaack, Siir Kilkis, Stefanie Kunkel, Amy Luers, Nikola Milojevic-Dupont, Dave Rejeski, Jürgen Renn, David Rolnick, Christoph Rosol, Daniela Russ, Thomas Turnbull, Elena Verdolini, Felix Wagner, Charlie Wilson, Aicha Zekar, Marius Zumwald
Annual Review of Environment and Resources | October 2022, Vol 47
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Climate risk assessment needs urgent improvement
Alberto Arribas Herranz, Ross Fairgrieve, Trevor Dhu, Juliet Bell, Ros Cornforth, Geoff Gooley, Chris J. Hilson, Amy Luers, Ted Shepherd, Roger Street, Nick Wood
Nature Communications | August 2022, Vol 13(4326)
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Make greenhouse-gas accounting reliable — build interoperable systems
Amy Luers, Leehi Yona, Christopher B. Field, Robert B. Jackson, Katharine J. Mach, Benjamin W. Cashore, Cynthia Elliott, Lauren Gifford, Colleen Honigsberg, Lena Klaassen, H. Damon Matthews, Andi Peng, Christian Stoll, Marian Van Pelt, Ross A. Virginia, Lucas Joppa
Nature | July 2022, Vol 607
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Temporary nature-based carbon removal can lower peak warming in a well-below 2 °C scenario
H. Damon Matthews, Kirsten Zickfeld, Mitchell Dickau, Alexander J. MacIsaac, Sabine Mathesius, Claude-Michel Nzotungicimpaye, Amy Luers
Communications Earth & Environment | March 2022, Vol 3(65)
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Microsoft’s million-tonne CO2-removal purchase — lessons for net zero
Lucas Joppa, Amy Luers, Elizabeth Willmott, S. Julio Friedmann, Steven P. Hamburg, Rafael Broze
Nature | September 2021, Vol 597: pp. 629-632
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Planetary intelligence for sustainability in the digital age: Five priorities
One Earth | June 2021, Vol 4(6): pp. 772-775
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The climate policy narrative for a dangerously warming world
Todd Sanford, Peter C. Frumhoff, Amy Luers, Jay Gulledge
Nature Climate Change | February 2014, Vol 4: pp. 164-166
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Assessing the vulnerability of social-environmental systems
Hallie Eakin, Amy Lynd Luers
Annual Review of Environment and Resources | November 2006, Vol 31: pp. 365-394
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A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science
B. L. Turner II, Roger E. Kasperson, Pamela A. Matson, James J. McCarthy, Robert W. Corell, Lindsey Christensen, Noelle Eckley, Jeanne X. Kasperson, Amy Luers, Marybeth L. Martello, Colin Polsky, Alexander Pulsipher, Andrew Schiller
PNAS | June 2003, Vol 100(14): pp. 8074-8079
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Energy use of AI inference, efficiency pathways, and test-time scaling
Felipe Oviedo, Fiodar Kazhamiaka, Esha Choukse, Allen Kim, Amy Luers, Melanie Nakagawa, Ricardo Bianchini, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
Joule | April 2026
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Maximizing Nature-based Solutions using Artificial Intelligence to align global biodiversity, climate, and water targets
October 2025
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Corporate Biodiversity Reporting Can Be Scaled with AI and Earth Observation—But Will Miss the Point Without Guidance from Conservation Scientists
Benjamin L. Miller, Seamus Lombardo, Amy Rosenthal, Tara O'Shea,, Amy Luers, Juan M. Lavista Ferres, Lisa Mandle, Taylor H. Ricketts, Stephen Polasky, Daniel G. Brown
Society for Conservation Biology - Conservation Letters | October 2025
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Energy Use of AI Inference: Efficiency Pathways and Test-Time Compute
Felipe Oviedo, Fiodar Kazhamiaka, Esha Choukse, Allen Kim, Amy Luers, Melanie Nakagawa, Ricardo Bianchini, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
September 2025
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Net Zero needs AI – five actions to realize its promise
Nature | August 2025
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The Earth alignment principle for artificial intelligence
Owen Gaffney, Amy Luers, Franklin Carrero-Martinez, Berna Oztekin-Gunaydin, F. Creutzig, Virginia Dignum, Victor Galaz, N. Ishii, F. Larosa, Maria Leptin, Ken Takahashi Guevara
Nature Sustainability | March 2025, Vol 8: pp. 467-469
-
Earth Alignment Principle for Artificial Intelligence
March 2025
-
Will AI accelerate or delay the race to net-zero emissions?
Amy Luers, Jonathan Koomey, Eric Masanet, Owen Gaffney, Felix Creutzig, Juan M. Lavista Ferres, Eric Horvitz
Nature | April 2024
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Maximizing Nature-based Solutions using Artificial Intelligence to align global biodiversity, climate, and water targets
October 2025
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Energy Use of AI Inference: Efficiency Pathways and Test-Time Compute
Felipe Oviedo, Fiodar Kazhamiaka, Esha Choukse, Allen Kim, Amy Luers, Melanie Nakagawa, Ricardo Bianchini, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
September 2025
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Net Zero needs AI – five actions to realize its promise
Nature | August 2025
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The Earth alignment principle for artificial intelligence
Owen Gaffney, Amy Luers, Franklin Carrero-Martinez, Berna Oztekin-Gunaydin, F. Creutzig, Virginia Dignum, Victor Galaz, N. Ishii, F. Larosa, Maria Leptin, Ken Takahashi Guevara
Nature Sustainability | March 2025, Vol 8: pp. 467-469
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Earth Alignment Principle for Artificial Intelligence
March 2025
-
Will AI accelerate or delay the race to net-zero emissions?
Amy Luers, Jonathan Koomey, Eric Masanet, Owen Gaffney, Felix Creutzig, Juan M. Lavista Ferres, Eric Horvitz
Nature | April 2024
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Accounting for the climate benefit of temporary carbon storage in nature
Nature Communications | September 2023
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A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action
Nature Ecology and Evolution | August 2023
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Digitalization and the Anthropocene
Felix Creutzig, Daron Acemoglu, Xuemei Bai, Paul N. Edwards, Marie Josefine Hintz, Lynn H. Kaack, Siir Kilkis, Stefanie Kunkel, Amy Luers, Nikola Milojevic-Dupont, Dave Rejeski, Jürgen Renn, David Rolnick, Christoph Rosol, Daniela Russ, Thomas Turnbull, Elena Verdolini, Felix Wagner, Charlie Wilson, Aicha Zekar, Marius Zumwald
Annual Review of Environment and Resources | October 2022, Vol 47
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Climate risk assessment needs urgent improvement
Alberto Arribas Herranz, Ross Fairgrieve, Trevor Dhu, Juliet Bell, Ros Cornforth, Geoff Gooley, Chris J. Hilson, Amy Luers, Ted Shepherd, Roger Street, Nick Wood
Nature Communications | August 2022, Vol 13(4326)
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Make greenhouse-gas accounting reliable — build interoperable systems
Amy Luers, Leehi Yona, Christopher B. Field, Robert B. Jackson, Katharine J. Mach, Benjamin W. Cashore, Cynthia Elliott, Lauren Gifford, Colleen Honigsberg, Lena Klaassen, H. Damon Matthews, Andi Peng, Christian Stoll, Marian Van Pelt, Ross A. Virginia, Lucas Joppa
Nature | July 2022, Vol 607
-
Temporary nature-based carbon removal can lower peak warming in a well-below 2 °C scenario
H. Damon Matthews, Kirsten Zickfeld, Mitchell Dickau, Alexander J. MacIsaac, Sabine Mathesius, Claude-Michel Nzotungicimpaye, Amy Luers
Communications Earth & Environment | March 2022, Vol 3(65)
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Microsoft’s million-tonne CO2-removal purchase — lessons for net zero
Lucas Joppa, Amy Luers, Elizabeth Willmott, S. Julio Friedmann, Steven P. Hamburg, Rafael Broze
Nature | September 2021, Vol 597: pp. 629-632
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Planetary intelligence for sustainability in the digital age: Five priorities
One Earth | June 2021, Vol 4(6): pp. 772-775
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The climate policy narrative for a dangerously warming world
Todd Sanford, Peter C. Frumhoff, Amy Luers, Jay Gulledge
Nature Climate Change | February 2014, Vol 4: pp. 164-166
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Assessing the vulnerability of social-environmental systems
Hallie Eakin, Amy Lynd Luers
Annual Review of Environment and Resources | November 2006, Vol 31: pp. 365-394
-
A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science
B. L. Turner II, Roger E. Kasperson, Pamela A. Matson, James J. McCarthy, Robert W. Corell, Lindsey Christensen, Noelle Eckley, Jeanne X. Kasperson, Amy Luers, Marybeth L. Martello, Colin Polsky, Alexander Pulsipher, Andrew Schiller
PNAS | June 2003, Vol 100(14): pp. 8074-8079
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Make greenhouse-gas accounting reliable — build interoperable systems
Amy Luers, Leehi Yona, Christopher B. Field, Robert B. Jackson, Katharine J. Mach, Benjamin W. Cashore, Cynthia Elliott, Lauren Gifford, Colleen Honigsberg, Lena Klaassen, H. Damon Matthews, Andi Peng, Christian Stoll, Marian Van Pelt, Ross A. Virginia, Lucas Joppa
Nature | July 2022, Vol 607
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Energy use of AI inference, efficiency pathways, and test-time scaling
Felipe Oviedo, Fiodar Kazhamiaka, Esha Choukse, Allen Kim, Amy Luers, Melanie Nakagawa, Ricardo Bianchini, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
Joule | April 2026
-
Corporate Biodiversity Reporting Can Be Scaled with AI and Earth Observation—But Will Miss the Point Without Guidance from Conservation Scientists
Benjamin L. Miller, Seamus Lombardo, Amy Rosenthal, Tara O'Shea,, Amy Luers, Juan M. Lavista Ferres, Lisa Mandle, Taylor H. Ricketts, Stephen Polasky, Daniel G. Brown
Society for Conservation Biology - Conservation Letters | October 2025
-
Net Zero needs AI – five actions to realize its promise
Nature | August 2025
-
The Earth alignment principle for artificial intelligence
Owen Gaffney, Amy Luers, Franklin Carrero-Martinez, Berna Oztekin-Gunaydin, F. Creutzig, Virginia Dignum, Victor Galaz, N. Ishii, F. Larosa, Maria Leptin, Ken Takahashi Guevara
Nature Sustainability | March 2025, Vol 8: pp. 467-469
-
Earth Alignment Principle for Artificial Intelligence
March 2025
-
Will AI accelerate or delay the race to net-zero emissions?
Amy Luers, Jonathan Koomey, Eric Masanet, Owen Gaffney, Felix Creutzig, Juan M. Lavista Ferres, Eric Horvitz
Nature | April 2024
-
Accounting for the climate benefit of temporary carbon storage in nature
Nature Communications | September 2023
-
A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action
Nature Ecology and Evolution | August 2023
-
Digitalization and the Anthropocene
Felix Creutzig, Daron Acemoglu, Xuemei Bai, Paul N. Edwards, Marie Josefine Hintz, Lynn H. Kaack, Siir Kilkis, Stefanie Kunkel, Amy Luers, Nikola Milojevic-Dupont, Dave Rejeski, Jürgen Renn, David Rolnick, Christoph Rosol, Daniela Russ, Thomas Turnbull, Elena Verdolini, Felix Wagner, Charlie Wilson, Aicha Zekar, Marius Zumwald
Annual Review of Environment and Resources | October 2022, Vol 47
-
Climate risk assessment needs urgent improvement
Alberto Arribas Herranz, Ross Fairgrieve, Trevor Dhu, Juliet Bell, Ros Cornforth, Geoff Gooley, Chris J. Hilson, Amy Luers, Ted Shepherd, Roger Street, Nick Wood
Nature Communications | August 2022, Vol 13(4326)
-
Make greenhouse-gas accounting reliable — build interoperable systems
Amy Luers, Leehi Yona, Christopher B. Field, Robert B. Jackson, Katharine J. Mach, Benjamin W. Cashore, Cynthia Elliott, Lauren Gifford, Colleen Honigsberg, Lena Klaassen, H. Damon Matthews, Andi Peng, Christian Stoll, Marian Van Pelt, Ross A. Virginia, Lucas Joppa
Nature | July 2022, Vol 607
-
Temporary nature-based carbon removal can lower peak warming in a well-below 2 °C scenario
H. Damon Matthews, Kirsten Zickfeld, Mitchell Dickau, Alexander J. MacIsaac, Sabine Mathesius, Claude-Michel Nzotungicimpaye, Amy Luers
Communications Earth & Environment | March 2022, Vol 3(65)
-
Microsoft’s million-tonne CO2-removal purchase — lessons for net zero
Lucas Joppa, Amy Luers, Elizabeth Willmott, S. Julio Friedmann, Steven P. Hamburg, Rafael Broze
Nature | September 2021, Vol 597: pp. 629-632
-
Planetary intelligence for sustainability in the digital age: Five priorities
One Earth | June 2021, Vol 4(6): pp. 772-775
-
The climate policy narrative for a dangerously warming world
Todd Sanford, Peter C. Frumhoff, Amy Luers, Jay Gulledge
Nature Climate Change | February 2014, Vol 4: pp. 164-166
-
Assessing the vulnerability of social-environmental systems
Hallie Eakin, Amy Lynd Luers
Annual Review of Environment and Resources | November 2006, Vol 31: pp. 365-394
-
A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science
B. L. Turner II, Roger E. Kasperson, Pamela A. Matson, James J. McCarthy, Robert W. Corell, Lindsey Christensen, Noelle Eckley, Jeanne X. Kasperson, Amy Luers, Marybeth L. Martello, Colin Polsky, Alexander Pulsipher, Andrew Schiller
PNAS | June 2003, Vol 100(14): pp. 8074-8079
-
-
-
Maximizing Nature-based Solutions using Artificial Intelligence to align global biodiversity, climate, and water targets
October 2025
-
Energy Use of AI Inference: Efficiency Pathways and Test-Time Compute
Felipe Oviedo, Fiodar Kazhamiaka, Esha Choukse, Allen Kim, Amy Luers, Melanie Nakagawa, Ricardo Bianchini, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
September 2025
-