{"id":235473,"date":"2015-05-06T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-05-06T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.technet.microsoft.com\/inside_microsoft_research\/2015\/05\/06\/collaborating-to-improve-efficiency-of-the-cloud-in-the-increasingly-connected-world-of-big-data\/"},"modified":"2016-07-20T07:29:21","modified_gmt":"2016-07-20T14:29:21","slug":"collaborating-to-improve-efficiency-of-the-cloud-in-the-increasingly-connected-world-of-big-data","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/blog\/collaborating-to-improve-efficiency-of-the-cloud-in-the-increasingly-connected-world-of-big-data\/","title":{"rendered":"Collaborating to improve efficiency of the cloud in the increasingly connected world of big data"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"posted-by\">Posted by <span class=\"author\">George Thomas Jr.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/msdnshared.blob.core.windows.net\/media\/TNBlogsFS\/prod.evol.blogs.technet.com\/CommunityServer.Blogs.Components.WeblogFiles\/00\/00\/00\/90\/35\/nsdi-2015-source.jpg\" alt=\" \" style=\"float:right;margin:8px\" \/><span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>The cloud is getting crowded.<\/p>\n<p>As more and more devices connect to the Internet and more and more data flows to and from the cloud, the networking fabric once deemed sufficient to handle such traffic quickly is getting stretched.<\/p>\n<p>In 2013 alone, the total Internet bandwidth crossing international borders was 100 terabytes per second, according to TeleGeography's recent <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.telegeography.com\/research-services\/global-internet-geography\/\" title=\"Global Internet Geography report\" target=\"_blank\">Global Internet Geography report<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>And even <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.extremetech.com\/extreme\/192929-255tbps-worlds-fastest-network-could-carry-all-the-internet-traffic-single-fiber\" title=\"as fiber network capacity increases\" target=\"_blank\">as fiber network capacity increases<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, so, too, will the volume of big data. The challenge of processing it quickly, securely and more cost-effectively remains.<\/p>\n<p>To address such challenges, Microsoft researchers joined collaborators from multiple universities this week at the annual <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\" title=\"USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation\" target=\"_blank\">USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>. Their goal: To recommend solutions that push the architectural boundaries of network services.<\/p>\n<p>\"The efficient management and operation of networks and data centers is Microsoft's core strength and priority,\" said <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/um\/people\/bahl\/\" title=\"Distinguished Scientist Victor Bahl\" target=\"_blank\">Victor Bahl<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, a Microsoft distinguished scientist. \"These papers represent the best in systems research, a product of close collaboration between Microsoft researchers, engineers and our colleagues in academia, anticipating and taking care of important issues well before they become problems.\"<\/p>\n<p>Microsoft's many contributions to the conference include <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/vulimiri\" title=\"Geode\" target=\"_blank\">Geode<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> and <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/mace\" title=\"Retro\" target=\"_blank\">Retro<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/vulimiri\" title=\"Geode\" target=\"_blank\">Geode<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> aims to reduce the cost of wide area bandwidth on a global scale. It's a collaboration between the <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/illinois.edu\/\" title=\"University of Illinois\" target=\"_blank\">University of Illinois<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, Microsoft researcher <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/varghese\/\" title=\"Principal Researcher George Varghese\" target=\"_blank\">George Varghese<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, Carlo Curino, a senior scientist in Microsoft's Cloud and Enterprise product division, and Thomas Jungblut, a software engineer with <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.skype.com\/\" title=\"Skype\" target=\"_blank\">Skype<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Geode specifically targets the problem of wide-area analytics in the context of bandwidth usage of SQL data distributed globally, which they call Wide-Area Big Data (WABD).<\/p>\n<p>The expense of wide-area network bandwidth can drive applications to discard valuable data. It also can contribute to privacy concerns regarding raw data storage, depending on the laws or constraints governments may impose.<\/p>\n<p>However, with Geode, the researchers have solved the WABD issue by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Optimizing query execution plans and data replication to minimize bandwidth costs<\/li>\n<li>Modifying query executions to potentially increase computation within individual data centers without worsening cross-data center bandwidth<\/li>\n<li>Aggressively caching all intermediate results, thereby eliminating data transfer redundancy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The Geode prototype, built on the popular Hive analytics framework, already has demonstrated significant improvements. The researchers say there's been a 250-fold reduction in data transfer compared to the centralized approach in a standard Microsoft production workload, and they've seen up to a 360 times improvement in a range of scenarios across several standard benchmarks, including TPC-CH and Berkeley Big Data.<\/p>\n<p><strong>See also:<\/strong> <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/groups\/mnr\/\" title=\"Mobility and networking research at Microsoft\" target=\"_blank\">Mobility and networking research at Microsoft<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Another project, <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/mace\" title=\"Retro\" target=\"_blank\">Retro<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, improves management of server resources for big data inside the data center. It's a collaboration between Microsoft researchers <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/peterb\/default.aspx\" title=\"Researcher Peter Bodik\" target=\"_blank\">Peter Bodik<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> and <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/madanm\/\" title=\"Principal Researcher Madan Musuvathi\" target=\"_blank\">Madan Musuvathi<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> and researchers from <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brown.edu\/\" title=\"Brown University\" target=\"_blank\">Brown University<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Retro is a new framework that identifies what is causing bottlenecks in cloud systems, then optimizes cloud resources to make cloud operations more cost-effective. That also reduces latency to the customer.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2>Other papers accepted to NSDI'15<\/h2>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/shi\" title=\"Beyond Sensing: Multi-GHz Realtime Spectrum Analytics\" target=\"_blank\">Beyond Sensing: Multi-GHz Realtime Spectrum Analytics<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Microsoft contributors: <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/um\/people\/bahl\/\" title=\"Distinguished Scientist Paramvir Bahl\" target=\"_blank\">Paramvir Bahl<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> SpecInsight is a system for acquiring a detailed view of 4 GHz of spectrum in realtime and uses a new scheduling algorithm that maximizes the probability of sensing active signals.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/hu\" title=\"Explicit Path Control in Commodity Data Centers: Design and Applications\" target=\"_blank\">Explicit Path Control in Commodity Data Centers: Design and Applications<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Microsoft contributors: Haitao Wu, <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/chguo\/\" title=\"Chuanxiong Guo\" target=\"_blank\">Chuanxiong Guo<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Introducing XPath, a method based on existing commodity switches to implement explicit path control this is readily deployable and scales to large data center networks.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/jose\" title=\"Compiling Packet Programs to Reconfigurable Switches\" target=\"_blank\">Compiling Packet Programs to Reconfigurable Switches<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> <br \/> Microsoft contributors: <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/varghese\/\" title=\"Principal Researcher George Varghese\" target=\"_blank\">George Varghese<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Exploring the design of a compiler for programmable switching chips and how to map logical lookup tables to physical tables while meeting data and control dependencies in the program.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/flavel\" title=\"FastRoute: A Scalable Load-Aware Anycast Routing Architecture for Modern CDNs\" target=\"_blank\">FastRoute: A Scalable Load-Aware Anycast Routing Architecture for Modern CDNs<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> <br \/> Microsoft contributors: Ashley Flavel, Pradeepkumar Mani, <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/um\/people\/dmaltz\/\" title=\"David A. Maltz\" target=\"_blank\">David A. Maltz<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, Nick Holt, <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/liuj\/\" title=\"Principal Researcher Jie Liu\" target=\"_blank\">Jie Liu<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, Yingying Chen, Oleg Surmachev<br \/> By collocating DNS and proxy services in each node location, FastRoute's highperformance, completely distributed system for routing users to a nearby proxy solves control issues of common content delivery networks.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/fogel\" title=\"A General Approach to Network Configuration Analysis \" target=\"_blank\">A General Approach to Network Configuration Analysis <span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Microsoft contributors: Meg Walraed-Sullivan, Ratul Mahajan<br \/> This new approach to detect network configuration errors combines the benefits of prior techniques and can find errors proactively, before the configuration is applied.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/pedrosa\" title=\"Analyzing Protocol Implementations for Interoperability\" target=\"_blank\">Analyzing Protocol Implementations for Interoperability<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> <br \/> Microsoft contributors: Nupur Kothari, Ratul Mahajan<br \/> Introducing PIC, a tool that helps developers search for non-interoperabilities in protocol implementations. Already it has been shown to find multiple previously unknown noninteroperabilities in large and mature implementations of the SIP and SPDY (v2 through v3.1) protocols.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/lopes\" title=\"Checking Beliefs in Dynamic Networks\" target=\"_blank\">Checking Beliefs in Dynamic Networks<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> <br \/> Microsoft contributors: Nuno P. Lopes, <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/nbjorner\/\" title=\"Principal Researcher Nikolaj Bj&oslash;rner\" target=\"_blank\">Nikolaj Bj&oslash;rner<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/um\/people\/pg\/\" title=\"Patrice Godefroid\" target=\"_blank\">Patrice Godefroid<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, Karthick Jayaraman, George Varghese<br \/> Addressing the shortcomings of existing network verification tools, the Network Optimized Dialog tool (NoD) is scalable to large header spaces, allowing checking for beliefs about network reachability policies in dynamic networks.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/zhang\" title=\"CubicRing: Enabling One-Hop Failure Detection and Recovery for Distributed In-Memory Storage Systems\" target=\"_blank\">CubicRing: Enabling One-Hop Failure Detection and Recovery for Distributed In-Memory Storage Systems<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Microsoft contributors: Chuanxiong Guo, Haitao Wu, <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/yqx\/\" title=\"Lead Researcher Yongqiang Xiong\" target=\"_blank\">Yongqiang Xiong<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> CubicRing is a distributed structure for cube-based networks that exploits network proximity to restrict failure detection and recovery within the smallest possible one-hop range.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/lorch\" title=\"Tardigrade: Leveraging Lightweight Virtual Machines to Easily and Efficiently Construct Fault-Tolerant Services\" target=\"_blank\">Tardigrade: Leveraging Lightweight Virtual Machines to Easily and Efficiently Construct Fault-Tolerant Services<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Microsoft contributors: <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/lorch\/\" title=\"Jacob R. Lorch\" target=\"_blank\">Jacob R. Lorch<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>, <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/baumann\/\" title=\"Andrew Baumann\" target=\"_blank\">Andrew Baumann<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Tardigrade replicates the service on several machines so that it continues running even when some of them fail. Yet, it keeps the service states synchronized so clients see strongly consistent results.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/conference\/nsdi15\/technical-sessions\/presentation\/behrens\" title=\"Scalable Error Isolation for Distributed Systems\" target=\"_blank\">Scalable Error Isolation for Distributed Systems<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a> <br \/> Microsoft contributors: <a class=\"msr-external-link glyph-append glyph-append-open-in-new-tab glyph-append-xsmall\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/research.microsoft.com\/en-us\/people\/fpj\/\" title=\"Senior Researcher Flavio P. Junqueira\" target=\"_blank\">Flavio P. Junqueira<span class=\"sr-only\"> (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a><br \/> Introducing SEI, an algorithm that tolerates Arbitrary State Corruption faults and prevents data corruption from propagating across a distributed system, significantly reducing undetected errors.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Posted by George Thomas Jr. The cloud is getting crowded. As more and more devices connect to the Internet and more and more data flows to and from the cloud, the networking fabric once deemed sufficient to handle such traffic quickly is getting stretched. In 2013 alone, the total Internet bandwidth crossing international borders was [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"msr-url-field":"","msr-podcast-episode":"","msrModifiedDate":"","msrModifiedDateEnabled":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_classifai_error":"","msr-author-ordering":[],"msr_hide_image_in_river":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[200167,201063,201145,195682,203091,203281,203675,203731,203967,204703],"research-area":[],"msr-region":[],"msr-event-type":[],"msr-locale":[268875],"msr-post-option":[],"msr-impact-theme":[],"msr-promo-type":[],"msr-podcast-series":[],"class_list":["post-235473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-blog","tag-2th-usenix-symposium-on-networked-systems-design-and-implementation","tag-computer-systems-and-networking","tag-cubicring","tag-george-varghese","tag-nsdi","tag-pic","tag-scalable-error-isolation","tag-sei","tag-specinsight","tag-xpath","msr-locale-en_us"],"msr_event_details":{"start":"","end":"","location":""},"podcast_url":"","podcast_episode":"","msr_research_lab":[],"msr_impact_theme":[],"related-publications":[],"related-downloads":[],"related-videos":[],"related-academic-programs":[],"related-groups":[],"related-projects":[171010],"related-events":[],"related-researchers":[],"msr_type":"Post","byline":"","formattedDate":"May 6, 2015","formattedExcerpt":"Posted by George Thomas Jr. The cloud is getting crowded. As more and more devices connect to the Internet and more and more data flows to and from the cloud, the networking fabric once deemed sufficient to handle such traffic quickly is getting stretched. In&hellip;","locale":{"slug":"en_us","name":"English","native":"","english":"English"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=235473"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":260817,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235473\/revisions\/260817"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=235473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"msr-research-area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/research-area?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"msr-region","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-region?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"msr-event-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-event-type?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"msr-locale","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-locale?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"msr-post-option","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-post-option?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"msr-impact-theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-impact-theme?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"msr-promo-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-promo-type?post=235473"},{"taxonomy":"msr-podcast-series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/msr-podcast-series?post=235473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}