{"id":446469,"date":"2017-12-04T17:53:05","date_gmt":"2017-12-05T01:53:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/?post_type=msr-research-item&p=446469"},"modified":"2018-10-16T20:07:11","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T03:07:11","slug":"parv4-prevalence-phylogeny-immunology-coinfection-hiv-hbv-hcv-multicentre-african-cohort","status":"publish","type":"msr-research-item","link":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/publication\/parv4-prevalence-phylogeny-immunology-coinfection-hiv-hbv-hcv-multicentre-african-cohort\/","title":{"rendered":"PARV4 prevalence, phylogeny, immunology and coinfection with HIV, HBV and HCV in a multicentre African cohort"},"content":{"rendered":"

Background:\u00a0<\/i>The seroprevalence of human parvovirus-4 (PARV4) varies considerably by region. In sub-Saharan Africa, seroprevalence is high in the general population, but little is known about the transmission routes or the prevalence of coinfection with blood-borne viruses, HBV, HCV and HIV.\u00a0Methods:\u00a0<\/i>To further explore the characteristics of PARV4 in this setting, with a particular focus on the prevalence and significance of coinfection, we screened a cohort of 695 individuals recruited from Durban and Kimberley (South Africa) and Gaborone (Botswana) for PARV4 IgG and DNA, as well as documenting HIV, HBV and HCV status.\u00a0Results:\u00a0<\/i>Within these cohorts, 69% of subjects were HIV-positive. We identified no cases of HCV by PCR, but 7.4% were positive for HBsAg. PARV4 IgG was positive in 42%; seroprevalence was higher in adults (69%) compared to children (21%) (p<0.0001) and in HIV-positive (52%) compared to HIV-negative individuals (24%) (p<0.0001), but there was no association with HBsAg status. We developed an on-line tool to allow visualization of coinfection data (https:\/\/purl.oclc.org\/coinfection-viz (opens in new tab)<\/span><\/a>). We identified five subjects who were PCR-positive for PARV4 genotype-3.\u00a0Ex vivo\u00a0<\/i>CD8+ T cell responses spanned the entire PARV4 proteome and we propose a novel HLA-B*57:03-restricted epitope within the NS protein.\u00a0Conclusions:\u00a0<\/i>This characterisation of PARV4 infection provides enhanced insights into the epidemiology of infection and co-infection in African cohorts, and provides the foundations for planning further focused studies to elucidate transmission pathways, immune responses, and the clinical significance of this organism.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Background:\u00a0The seroprevalence of human parvovirus-4 (PARV4) varies considerably by region. In sub-Saharan Africa, seroprevalence is high in the general population, but little is known about the transmission routes or the prevalence of coinfection with blood-borne viruses, HBV, HCV and HIV.\u00a0Methods:\u00a0To further explore the characteristics of PARV4 in this setting, with a particular focus on the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":230089,"template":"","meta":{"msr-url-field":"","msr-podcast-episode":"","msrModifiedDate":"","msrModifiedDateEnabled":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_classifai_error":"","msr-author-ordering":null,"msr_publishername":"","msr_publisher_other":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_chapter":"","msr_edition":"Wellcome Open Research","msr_editors":"","msr_how_published":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_issue":"","msr_journal":"Wellcome Open Research","msr_number":"","msr_organization":"","msr_pages_string":"26","msr_page_range_start":"26","msr_page_range_end":"","msr_series":"","msr_volume":"2","msr_copyright":"","msr_conference_name":"","msr_doi":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.11135.1","msr_arxiv_id":"","msr_s2_paper_id":"","msr_mag_id":"","msr_pubmed_id":"","msr_other_authors":"","msr_other_contributors":"","msr_speaker":"","msr_award":"","msr_affiliation":"","msr_institution":"","msr_host":"","msr_version":"","msr_duration":"","msr_original_fields_of_study":"","msr_release_tracker_id":"","msr_s2_match_type":"","msr_citation_count_updated":"","msr_published_date":"2017-04-07","msr_highlight_text":"","msr_notes":"","msr_longbiography":"","msr_publicationurl":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/2-26\/v1","msr_external_url":"","msr_secondary_video_url":"","msr_conference_url":"","msr_journal_url":"","msr_s2_pdf_url":"","msr_year":0,"msr_citation_count":0,"msr_influential_citations":0,"msr_reference_count":0,"msr_s2_match_confidence":0,"msr_microsoftintellectualproperty":true,"msr_s2_open_access":false,"msr_s2_author_ids":[],"msr_pub_ids":[],"msr_hide_image_in_river":0,"footnotes":""},"msr-research-highlight":[],"research-area":[13553],"msr-publication-type":[193715],"msr-publisher":[],"msr-focus-area":[],"msr-locale":[268875],"msr-post-option":[],"msr-field-of-study":[],"msr-conference":[],"msr-journal":[],"msr-impact-theme":[],"msr-pillar":[],"class_list":["post-446469","msr-research-item","type-msr-research-item","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","msr-research-area-medical-health-genomics","msr-locale-en_us"],"msr_publishername":"","msr_edition":"Wellcome Open Research","msr_affiliation":"","msr_published_date":"2017-04-07","msr_host":"","msr_duration":"","msr_version":"","msr_speaker":"","msr_other_contributors":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_pages_string":"26","msr_chapter":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_journal":"Wellcome Open Research","msr_volume":"2","msr_number":"","msr_editors":"","msr_series":"","msr_issue":"","msr_organization":"","msr_how_published":"","msr_notes":"","msr_highlight_text":"","msr_release_tracker_id":"","msr_original_fields_of_study":"","msr_download_urls":"","msr_external_url":"","msr_secondary_video_url":"","msr_longbiography":"","msr_microsoftintellectualproperty":1,"msr_main_download":"446472","msr_publicationurl":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/2-26\/v1","msr_doi":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.11135.1","msr_publication_uploader":[{"type":"file","title":"Sharp et al. – 2017 – PARV4 prevalence, phylogeny, immunology and coinfection with HIV, HBV and HCV in a multicentre African cohort","viewUrl":"https:\/\/cm-edgetun.pages.dev\/en-us\/research\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Sharp-et-al.-2017-PARV4-prevalence-phylogeny-immunology-and-coinfection-with-HIV-HBV-and-HCV-in-a-multicentre-African-cohort.pdf","id":446472,"label_id":0},{"type":"url","title":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/2-26\/v1","viewUrl":false,"id":false,"label_id":0},{"type":"doi","title":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.11135.1","viewUrl":false,"id":false,"label_id":0}],"msr_related_uploader":"","msr_citation_count":0,"msr_citation_count_updated":"","msr_s2_paper_id":"","msr_influential_citations":0,"msr_reference_count":0,"msr_arxiv_id":"","msr_s2_author_ids":[],"msr_s2_open_access":false,"msr_s2_pdf_url":null,"msr_attachments":[{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/wellcomeopenresearch.org\/articles\/2-26\/v1"}],"msr-author-ordering":[{"type":"text","value":"Colin P. 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